Presens
Presens används:
-
För att uttrycka vanor, allmänna sanningar, repeterade handlingar eller oföränderliga situationer, känslor och önskningar:
I smoke (vana); I work in London (oföränderlig situation); London is a large city (allmän sanning) -
För att ge instruktioner eller vägbeskrivningar:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. -
För att ge uttryck för bestämda arrangemang, nutida eller framtida:
Your exam starts at 09.00 -
För att uttrycka framtida tid, efter vissa konjunktioner: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Var försiktig! Presens används inte för att uttrycka ageranden som äger rum just nu.
Exempel
-
För vanor
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly. -
För ageranden eller händelser som repeterar sig
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer. -
För allmänna sanningar
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
-
För instruktioner eller vägbeskrivningar
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford. -
För bestämda arrangemang
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March -
Med konstruktioner i futurum
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
Att bilda presens: to think
| Jakande | Frågande | Nekande |
|---|---|---|
| I think | Do I think? | I do not think |
| You think | Do you think? | You do not think |
| He thinks | Does he think? | He does not think |
| She thinks | Does she think? | She does not think |
| It thinks | Does it think? | It does not think |
| We think | Do we think? | We do not think. |
| They think | Do they think? | They do not think. |
Anmärkningar angående presens, tredje person singular
-
I tredje person singular har verben alltid ändelsen -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. -
I nekande och frågande former används DOES (= tredje person av hjälpverbet 'DO') +verbets infinitiv.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. -
Verb som sutar på -y : ändras i tredje person från -y till -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Undantag: om det finns en vokal innan y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays -
Lägg till -es efter verb som slutar på:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Exempel
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.